Ubuntu 20.04 GUI installation

In this tutorial you will learn how to install GUI ( graphical user interface ) on Ubuntu 20.04 Focal Fossa Server/Desktop

In this tutorial you will learn:

• How to install tasksel
• How to select GUI from tasksel tasks
• How to install GUI
• How to login to newly installed GUI

Software Requirements and Conventions Used

Software Requirements and Linux Command Line Conventions

Category	Requirements, Conventions or Software Version Used
System	Installed or upgraded Ubuntu 20.04 Focal Fossa
Software	tasksel
Other	Privileged access to your Linux system as root or via the sudo command.
Conventions	# - requires given linux commands to be executed with root privileges either directly as a root user or by use of sudo command $ - requires given linux commands to be executed as a regular non-privileged user

Ubuntu 20.04 GUI installation step by step instructions

1. First step is to updated the apt package index and install tasksel. To do so execute the following commands:

   $ sudo apt update
   $ sudo apt install tasksel
   

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2. Next, select the GUI you wish to install. Below table shows main desktop environments available for installation via tasksel:

   Main available Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) installations using tasksel's tasks

   Task	Description
   kubuntu-desktop	Kubuntu desktop ( KDE Desktop )
   lubuntu-desktop	Lubuntu Desktop ( LXQt desktop )
   ubuntu-budgie-desktop	Ubuntu Budgie desktop
   ubuntu-desktop	Ubuntu desktop ( default GNOME )
   ubuntu-desktop-minimal	Ubuntu minimal desktop ( default GNOME )
   ubuntu-mate-desktop	Ubuntu MATE desktop
   ubuntustudio-desktop	Ubuntu Studio desktop ( Xfce-based desktop )
   ubuntustudio-desktop-core	Ubuntu Studio minimal DE installation ( Xfce-based desktop )
   xubuntu-desktop	Xubuntu desktop ( Xfce desktop )

   For additional GUI selection execute the below command:

   $ tasksel --list-tasks
   

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3. At this point you have selected GUI you wish to install and took a note of the relevant task name.
   
   Next, use tasksel command to install your selected GUI. For example to install the default Ubuntu GNOME desktop execute:

   $ sudo tasksel ubuntu-desktop
   

4. Reboot your system:

   $ reboot

5. At this point the GUI should start. You man need to select your desired desktop flavor on the login page before you login.
   
   In case the GUI is not starting at all, make sure your system boots into the graphical target. To do so execute:

   $ sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target