administration

Obtaining CPU information on Linux

How to obtain CPU information on Linux

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If you’ve forgotten some information about your CPU, there’s no need to dig out the box or open the case to figure out the make, model, and other information about it. Information about your CPU is stored in Linux, at the operating system level. This means it’s perfectly accessible for normal users, we just have to know where to look.

In this guide, we’ll see how to obtain CPU information on Linux, from both command line and GUI. On a related note, check out our guide on how to check and monitor CPU utilization if you want to measure the performance of your CPU.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to obtain CPU information from command line and GUI
Obtaining CPU information on Linux

Obtaining CPU information on Linux

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Removing a user from a group on Linux

How to remove user from a group on Linux

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Managing user accounts on a Linux system is a fundamental part of administration. Even casual Linux users will run into situations where they need to list user accounts, remove users, and do other basic user management tasks.

In this guide, we’ll see how to remove a user from a group on Linux. This can be done either through GUI or command line, and we’ll go over the step by step instructions for both methods.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to remove a user account from a group through GUI and command line
Removing a user from a group on Linux

Removing a user from a group on Linux

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How to move a folder on Linux

How to move folder on Linux

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Moving a folder (also called directory) on Linux is a common task that every user will have to perform frequently. This can be done via any desktop environment that you have installed, or from command line with the mv command.

While this is a pretty basic function, there are some important caveats to keep in mind. In this guide, we’ll go over several examples of moving a folder on Linux. Feel free to follow along on your own system in order to master the mv command and GUI process.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to move a directory via GUI
  • How to move a directory via command line
How to move a folder on Linux

How to move a folder on Linux

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Selecting Kali or Windows at system boot

How to dual boot Kali Linux and Windows 10

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If you want to run Kali Linux on your system but you already have Windows 10 installed, you have a couple of options. One thing you could do is install Kali Linux in a virtual machine, as we’ve shown in our tutorials for installing Kali in VMware and installing Kali in VirtualBox.

The other option is to create a dual boot environment for Kali and Windows. Both options have their pros and cons. The main reason you might want to dual boot with Kali, as opposed to running it in a virtual machine, is to give Kali direct access to your system’s hardware. This way, you don’t have the overhead of a hypervisor, and direct access to components is a lot easier, such as for a Wi-Fi adapter. This is a big selling point if you plan to test the security of Wi-Fi hotspots, for example.

A dual boot environment works by prompting you at startup to select which operating system you’d like to load into. So, you’ll have to reboot your computer each time you want to load into a different operating system. That’s the only disadvantage of this method, but for a system like Kali it should prove worth it.

Ready to get Kali Linux installed alongside Windows 10? Read on below as we take you through all the steps.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to install Kali Linux alongside Windows 10
  • How to load into Kali Linux or Windows 10 at system boot

Selecting Kali or Windows at system boot

Selecting Kali or Windows at system boot

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Changing the hostname in AlmaLinux

Change hostname on AlmaLinux

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The hostname of a Linux system is important because it’s used to identify the device on a network. The hostname is also shown in other prominent places, such as in the terminal prompt. This gives you a constant reminder of which system you’re working with. It’s a real life saver when you’re managing multiple systems through SSH and those command line terminals start to blend together in your mind.

Of course, IP addresses are used when devices need to communicate with each other, but those can change frequently. Hostnames give us a way to know which device we’re interacting with either on the network or physically, without remembering a bunch of numbers that are subject to change. Thus, it’s important that your system bears a hostname which helps you to identify it quickly. For example, “backup-server” is much more informative than “server2.” If you can’t easily identify a system’s purpose from the hostname, it’s time to change it.

In this guide, we’ll show you how to change the hostname on AlmaLinux. This can be especially useful if you’ve recently migrated from CentOS to AlmaLinux and need to update the hostname accordingly. Changing the hostname can be done either by command line or GUI, and we’ll show you the steps for both methods below.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to change the AlmaLinux hostname from command line
  • How to change the AlmaLinux hostname from GNOME GUI
Changing the hostname in AlmaLinux

Changing the hostname in AlmaLinux

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Completing the merge from CentOS to AlmaLinux

How to migrate from CentOS to AlmaLinux

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The main motivation behind the creation of AlmaLinux was to be a viable replacement for CentOS Linux at the time of its shift from an enterprise-stable operating system to an upstream development branch of RHEL.

Now that AlmaLinux is released, it still leaves CentOS users wondering how to switch operating systems. Ideally, this should be done as seamlessly as possible, to prevent downtime, loss of data, etc. In this guide, we’ll show you the step by step instructions to migrate from CentOS to AlmaLinux with just a few commands.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to migrate from CentOS to AlmaLinux
Completing the merge from CentOS to AlmaLinux

Completing the merge from CentOS to AlmaLinux

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Restarting network in AlmaLinux

How to restart network on AlmaLinux

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Restarting the network of your AlmaLinux system can be a useful troubleshooting step, for example if you’re having problems connecting to the internet.

In this guide, we’ll show several methods for restarting the network on AlmaLinux, both from command line and GUI. You can apply these steps if you’ve recently migrated from CentOS to AlmaLinux or have performed a fresh AlmaLinux installation.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to restart the network in AlmaLinux via command line, through both NetworkManager and networkd
  • How to restart the network in AlmaLinux through GNOME GUI
Restarting network in AlmaLinux

Restarting network in AlmaLinux

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Change IP address in AlmaLinux

How to change IP Address on AlmaLinux

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These days, most systems are configured to connect to a network automatically through DHCP by obtaining an IP address assigned through your ISP or your home router. But there may come a time when you wish to opt for a static IP address and you will want to change it. It may be that you are configuring a home LAN and you don’t want to use DHCP or simply want a static IP address that you can access from outside your home.

In this tutorial, we will learn how we can change the IP address on an AlmaLinux system. You can follow this guide whether you’ve migrated from CentOS to AlmaLinux or have performed a normal AlmaLinux installation.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to change the IP address in AlmaLinux using GNOME GUI
  • How to change the IP address by editing configuration files
  • How to manually change your DNS server
  • How to restart networking in AlmaLinux
Change IP address in AlmaLinux

Change IP address in AlmaLinux

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How to check AlmaLinux version

Check AlmaLinux Version

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The objective of this guide is to show how to check what version of AlmaLinux a system is running. Whether you’ve migrated from CentOS to AlmaLinux or performed a fresh install, it’s important to keep tabs on the state of your system. This includes information such as the version number of the operating system, kernel version, and other release information.

AlmaLinux is a fork of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, which releases a new major version every few years. Finding your system’s version will inform you whether or not you’ve fallen behind on the latest updates. It’s always recommended to update AlmaLinux for the latest security patches and features.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to check AlmaLinux version from command line and GUI
  • How to check Linux kernel version
How to check AlmaLinux version

How to check AlmaLinux version

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Running GNOME desktop environment on AlmaLinux

How to install GUI on AlmaLinux

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GNOME is the default desktop environment on AlmaLinux, but only if you opt for the full installation of the operating system. Other installations don’t include any GUI by default. If you’ve chosen a minimal install but don’t want to be limited to just the command line, you can install the GNOME desktop environment in a few simple commands.

In this guide, we’ll show you the step by step instructions to install the GNOME GUI on AlmaLinux. Follow along with us on your own system to get it setup.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to install GNOME desktop environment on AlmaLinux
  • How to make GNOME launch by default upon system boot
Running GNOME desktop environment on AlmaLinux

Running GNOME desktop environment on AlmaLinux

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Configuring a static IP address on AlmaLinux

How to configure static IP address on AlmaLinux

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When it comes to IP addresses on AlmaLinux, you have two main options for how you configure your network interfaces. You can either obtain an IP address automatically with DHCP, or configure the system to use a static IP address, which never changes.

In this guide, we’ll show how to configure a static IP address on AlmaLinux. This can be done either through GUI or command line, and we’ll be going over both methods. Once a static IP address is configured, it won’t change again unless you manually change the IP address later, or turn DHCP on. You can follow this guide whether you’ve migrated from CentOS to AlmaLinux or have performed a normal AlmaLinux installation.

DID YOU KNOW?
You can also configure your DHCP server (or router) to assign your AlmaLinux system a static IP address. This means that your system would still use DHCP, but the server or router will reserve the same IP for the MAC address of your computer’s network interface. Instructions for this will vary, depending on your network environment and DHCP server.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to configure a static IP address via GNOME GUI
  • How to set a static IP address by directly editing an interface file
  • How to set a static IP address using the nmcli utility
  • How to set a static IP address using nmtui
Configuring a static IP address on AlmaLinux

Configuring a static IP address on AlmaLinux

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Special Bash Variables with examples

Special Bash Variables with examples

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Bash is a great coding language, which allows you to do complex things like Big Data Manipulation, or simply create sever or desktop management scripts.

The entry level skill required to use the Bash language is quite low, and one-liner scripts (an often used jargon, which indicates multiple commands executed at the command line, forming a mini-script), as well as regular scripts, can grow in complexity (and how well written they are) as the Bash developer learns more.

Learning to use special variables in Bash is one part of this learning curve. Whereas originally the special variables may look cryptic: $$, $?, $*, \$0, $1, etc., once you understand them and use them in your own scripts, things will soon become clearer and easier to remember.

In this tutorial you will learn:

  • How to use special variables in Bash
  • How to correctly quote variables, even special ones
  • Examples using special variables from the command line and scripts

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