Name
join – join lines of two files on a common field
Synopsis
join [OPTION]… FILE1 FILE2
Description
For each pair of input lines with identical join fields, write a line to standard output. The default join field is the first, delimited by whitespace. When FILE1 or FILE2 (not both) is -, read standard input.
- -a FILENUM
- print unpairable lines coming from file FILENUM, where FILENUM is 1 or 2, corresponding to FILE1 or FILE2
- -e EMPTY
- replace missing input fields with EMPTY
- -i, –ignore-case
- ignore differences in case when comparing fields
- -j FIELD
- equivalent to ‘-1 FIELD -2 FIELD’
- -o FORMAT
- obey FORMAT while constructing output line
- -t CHAR
- use CHAR as input and output field separator
- -v FILENUM
- like -a FILENUM, but suppress joined output lines
- -1 FIELD
- join on this FIELD of file 1
- -2 FIELD
- join on this FIELD of file2
- –help
- display this help and exit
- –version
- output version information and exit
Unless -t CHAR is given, leading blanks separate fields and are ignored, else fields are separated by CHAR. Any FIELD is a field number counted from 1. FORMAT is one or more comma or blank separated specifications, each being ‘FILENUM.FIELD’ or ‘0’. Default FORMAT outputs the join field, the remaining fields from FILE1, the remaining fields from FILE2, all separated by CHAR.
Important: FILE1 and FILE2 must be sorted on the join fields. E.g., use ‘sort -k 1b,1’ if ‘join’ has no options.
Author
Written by Mike Haertel.
Reporting Bugs
Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html >
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
See Also
The full documentation for join is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and join programs are properly installed at your site, the command
- info join
should give you access to the complete manual.