The default relational SQL database on RHEL 8 / CentOS 8 Linux has been chnaged from MySQL to MariaDB. MariaDB is a community-developed fork of the MySQL relational database and in-place substitute for MySQL.
In this tutorial you will learn:
- How to install MariaDB/MySQL server
- How to start and enable MariaDB to start automatically after reboot
- How to secure MariaDB database and set root password
- How to create database for a remote access
- How to open MySQL/MariaDB firewall ports for incoming traffic
- How to login to MySQL/MariaDB from a remote host
Software Requirements and Conventions Used
Category | Requirements, Conventions or Software Version Used |
---|---|
System | RHEL 8 / CentOS 8 |
Software | MariaDB 10.3.10 |
Other | Privileged access to your Linux system as root or via the sudo command. |
Conventions |
# – requires given linux commands to be executed with root privileges either directly as a root user or by use of sudo command$ – requires given linux commands to be executed as a regular non-privileged user |
How to install Mariadb/MySQL server on RHEL 8 Linux step by step instructions
- Perform MariaDB server installation:
# dnf install mariadb-server
- Start MariaDB server and enable the database to start after reboot:
# systemctl start mariadb # systemctl enable mariadb
- Secure MariaDB database with
mysql_secure_installation
script. This step is optional but highly recommended:# mysql_secure_installation NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY! In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank, so you should just press enter here. Enter current password for root (enter for none): OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation. Set root password? [Y/n] Y New password: Re-enter new password: Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success! By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y ... Success! By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y - Dropping test database... ... Success! - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y ... Success! Cleaning up... All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MariaDB!
- Create a sample database. In the following example we will use the following parameters:
DDATABE NAME = linuxconfig USER NAME = lubos REMOTE IP ADDRESS = 192.168.1.2 PASSWORD = linuxconfig.org PERMISSIONS = GRANT ALL
Start by login into the MariaDB database as
root
user using the previously created root password.In case you did not secure your MariaDB database with password simply omit the
-p
option with themysql
command:# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 17 Server version: 10.3.10-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE linuxconfig; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.001 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'lubos'@'192.168.1.2' IDENTIFIED BY 'linuxconfig.org'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON linuxconfig.* TO 'lubos'@'192.168.1.2'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> quit Bye
- Open up the firewall port for incoming MySQL/MariaDB connections:
# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=mysql success # firewall-cmd --reload success
- Login to MariaDB database from the remote host eg.
192.168.1.2
to RHEL 8 / CentOS 8 MariadDB server using preset hostname like for example in this caserhel8-mariadb
or by specifying the server’s IP address:$ mysql -h rhel8-mariadb -u lubos -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 18 Server version: 10.3.10-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> Bye