Name
du – estimate file space usage
Synopsis
du [OPTION]… [FILE]…
du [OPTION]… –files0-from=F
Description
Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for shortoptions too.
- -a, –all
- write counts for all files, not just directories
- –apparent-size
- print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in (‘sparse’) files, internal fragmentation, indirect blocks, and thelike
- -B, –block-size=SIZE
- use SIZE-byte blocks
- -b, –bytes
- equivalent to ‘–apparent-size –block-size=1’
- -c, –total
- produce a grand total
- -D, –dereference-args
- dereference only symlinks that are listed on the command line
- –files0-from=F
- summarize disk usage of the NUL-terminated file names specified in file F
- -H
- like –si, but also evokes a warning; will soon change to be equivalent to –dereference-args (-D)
- -h, –human-readable
- print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
- –si
- like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
- -k
- like –block-size=1K
- -l, –count-links
- count sizes many times if hard linked
- -m
- like –block-size=1M
- -L, –dereference
- dereference all symbolic links
- -P, –no-dereference
- don’t follow any symbolic links (this is the default)
- -0, –null
- end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline
- -S, –separate-dirs
- do not include size of subdirectories
- -s, –summarize
- display only a total for each argument
- -x, –one-file-system
- skip directories on different file systems
- -X FILE, –exclude-from=FILE
- Exclude files that match any pattern in FILE.
- –exclude=PATTERN
- Exclude files that match PATTERN.
- –max-depth=N
- print the total for a directory (or file, with –all) only if it is N or fewer levels below the command line argument; –max-depth=0 is the same as –summarize
- –time
- show time of the last modification of any file in the directory, or any of its subdirectories
- –time=WORD
- show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access, use, ctime or status
- –time-style=STYLE
- show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso, +FORMAT FORMAT is interpreted like ‘date’
- –help
- display this help and exit
- –version
- output version information and exit
SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following: kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.
Patterns
PATTERN is a shell pattern (not a regular expression). The pattern ? matches any one character, whereas * matches any string (composed of zero, one or multiple characters). For example, *.o will match any files whose names end in .o. Therefore, the command
- du –exclude=’*.o’
will skip all files and subdirectories ending in .o (including the file .o itself).
Author
Written by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, Paul Eggert, and Jim Meyering.
Reporting Bugs
Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html >
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
See Also
The full documentation for du is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the infoand du programs are properly installed at your site, the command
- info du
should give you access to the completemanual.