- Details
- Lubos Rendek
- Debian
What's New
- UEFI Secure Boot
- AppArmor enabled per default
- Optional hardening of APT
- Unattended-upgrades for stable point releases
- Substantially improved man pages for German speaking users
- Network filtering based on nftables framework by default
- Cryptsetup defaults to on-disk LUKS2 format
- driverless printing with CUPS 2.2.10
- Basic support for Allwinner A64 based devices
Raspberry Pi
Given that the Debian which is the Raspbian based on is an extremely robust Linux distribution, combined with the fact that there is nothing certain in life, the chances are, that after the upgrade you may end up with a broken system. Therefore, it is necessary to point out that no system upgrade is bulletproof and you should discuss, prepare and possibly test any proper fail-over or recovery process prior the proposed system upgrade to Debian Buster. For a more robust or production systems, you are recommended to read the official Debian upgrade guide before proceeding.
Recommendations
- Remove unnecessary or obsolete packages
- Make a data and configuration backup
- Perform an upgrade directly using console
- Check for any 3rd party software packages currently installed on your Raspbian system
aptitude command might help you to find any 3rd party software package currently installed on your Raspbian system. # aptitude search '~i(!~ODebian)'The above command will list all packages which are no longer in a standard repository list since they were removed; thus they were rendered obsolete, or the 3rd party packages which were installed manually.
Perform a full backup of data and manual configuration files residing on your current system. For example, these may include but not limited to user home directories, databases, websites, etc. Alternatively perform a complete Micro SD backup by using the dd command.
Fully Upgrade Current System
Start by fully upgrade your current Raspbian system before you proceed with a Buster upgrade.# apt-get update # apt-get upgradeUpgrade any held back packages:
# apt-get dist-upgrade
System Check
Last, chance to check for any system inconsistencies. Perform database sanity and consistency checks for partially installed, missing and obsolete packages:# dpkg -CIf no issues are reported, check what packages are held back:
# apt-mark showholdPackages
On Hold will not upgrade. On Hold packages may cause inconsistencies after Stretch upgrade. Before you move to the following part, it is suggested to fix all issues provided by both above commands. The following command might be of a further assistance: # dpkg --audit
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Update Package Repository to Debian Buster
Next, update your/etc/apt/sources.list to include new Buster repositories. # sed -i 's/stretch/buster/g' /etc/apt/sources.listThe above command will replace any
stretch keyword occurrence to buster thus effectively enabling new Buster repositories. Once your /etc/apt/sources.list is updated to included Buster repositories, update your local package index with: # apt-get update
Raspbian Buster Upgrade Simulation
Used the bellow command to see what we are facing. It is a simulated dry-run thus not system changes will be implemented.# apt-get --simulate upgrade
Rasbian Buster Upgrade
We have come to the most exciting part, which is the actual Stretch upgrade to Raspbian Buster system. During the upgrade you may be asked:There are services installed on your system which need to be restarted when certain libraries, such as libpam, libc, and libssl, are upgraded. Since these restarts may cause interruptions of service for the system, you will normally be prompted on each upgrade for the list of services you wish to restart. You can choose this option to avoid being prompted; instead, all necessary restarts will be done for you automatically so you can avoid being asked questions on each library upgrade.Restart services during package upgrades without asking? The choice is about whether you wish the system to restart your services automatically during the system upgrade or you wish to do it manually or after the system is fully upgrade to Buster realease.
When ready, execute the bellow commands to commence the Debian Buster upgrade process:
# apt-get upgrade # apt-get dist-upgradeAll done. Reboot your system. Congratulations to your fully upgraded Raspbian 10 Buster Linux system.
- Details
- Lubos Rendek
- Debian
This article describes a simple way to create a home made debian package and include it into a local package repository. Although we could use an existing Debian/Ubuntu package, we will start from scratch by creating and packaging our own trivial application. Once our package is ready, we will include it into our local package repository. This article illustrates a very simplistic approach, however it may serve as a template in many different scenarios.
In this tutorial you will learn:- How to create a trivial debian package
- How to create a local debian repository
- How to add the repository to the list of software sources
- Details
- Nick Congleton
- Debian
If you already have a Nextcloud server in place, you're going to need to set up your client devices to connect to it. Setting up the Nextcloud client on Debian is very simple, and so is setting up your folders to sync.
In this tutorial you will learn:- How to Install the Nextcloud Client
- How to Connect to the Server
- How to Set up a Folder to Sync
- Details
- Nick Congleton
- Debian
LEMP is an excellent alternative to traditional LAMP servers. Nginx is lighter weight and faster than Apache in some situations. It can also be configured to do other useful things, like serve as a reverse proxy. Just like with LAMP, Debian is an excellent platform for LEMP servers. Everything you need is available in the Debian repositories, so it's simple to get started.
In this tutorial you will learn:
- How to Set Up MariaDB
- How to Install PHP
- How to Install Nginx
- How to Configure Nginx
- How to Test Your Server
- Details
- Nick Congleton
- Debian
Not all Debian systems have a GUI, and even though using WiFi on a server isn't common, there are plenty of instances where you're using WiFi with a headless setup, like on a Raspberry Pi. It's not difficult to connect using only the tools provided out of the box in Debian.
In this tutorial you will learn:- How to Scan for a Network
- How to Generate a WPA_Supplicant Config
- How to Set up a WPA_Supplicant Config File
- How to Connect to Your WiFi